<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><xml><records><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="6.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Smith, Alvin W</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Iversen, Patrick L</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Skilling, Douglas E</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Stein, David A</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bok, Karin</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Matson, David O</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vesivirus viremia and seroprevalence in humans.</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Journal of medical virology</style></secondary-title><alt-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">J. Med. Virol.</style></alt-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Alanine Transaminase</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Amino Acid Sequence</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antibodies, Viral</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Base Sequence</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Blood Donors</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Caliciviridae Infections</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Capsid Proteins</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">DNA-Directed RNA Polymerases</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Genes, Viral</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Humans</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Molecular Sequence Data</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Polymerase Chain Reaction</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sequence Alignment</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Seroepidemiologic Studies</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">United States</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vesivirus</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Viremia</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2006</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2006 May</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">78</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">693-701</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pathogenic caliciviruses of the genus Vesivirus circulate in oceanic ecosystems and spread to and among terrestrial mammals. Isolation of Vesivirus from natural and laboratory infections in humans led to this investigation of Vesivirus seroprevalence and viremia. Sera from four groups were tested for antibodies to Vesivirus as follows: blood donors whose units were cleared for donation, blood donors whose units were not accepted for donation solely because of elevated blood liver alanine aminotransferase (ALT) concentrations, patients with clinical hepatitis of unknown but suspected infectious cause, and patients with clinical hepatitis of unknown cause but associated with blood transfusion or dialysis. Additionally, sera were tested for Vesivirus genome by three methods: dot-blot and two reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) methods. The calculated seroprevalence against Vesivirus virions within these groups (N = 765) was 12%, 21%, 29%, and 47%, respectively (P &lt; 0.001 for group differences). Additionally, 11 (9.8%) of 112 sera tested yielded RT-PCR amplicons that by nucleotide sequence were distinct from each other and related to known Vesivirus. These data indicate that some blood donors in the population tested have serologic evidence of previous Vesivirus infection and some also have Vesivirus viremia. These results justify further investigation of an association between Vesivirus infection and illness in humans.</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5</style></issue><custom1><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16555277?dopt=Abstract</style></custom1></record></records></xml>