Title | Evaluation of phosphorus, calcium, and magnesium content in commercially available foods formulated for healthy cats. |
Publication Type | Journal Article |
Year of Publication | 2020 |
Authors | Summers, SC, Stockman, J, Larsen, JA, Zhang, L, Rodriguez, ASanchez |
Journal | J Vet Intern Med |
Volume | 34 |
Issue | 1 |
Pagination | 266-273 |
Date Published | 2020 Jan |
ISSN | 1939-1676 |
Keywords | Animal Feed, Animals, Calcium, Calcium, Dietary, Cats, Diet, Magnesium, Nutritive Value, Phosphorus, Phosphorus, Dietary |
Abstract | BACKGROUND: High dietary phosphorus (P) and low calcium-to-phosphorus ratio (Ca:P) are associated with kidney damage in cats. There are no established guidelines for dietary P maximum for cats. OBJECTIVES: To quantify crude protein, P, Ca, and magnesium (Mg) concentrations in cat foods and compare among food formats (dry, canned, raw), primary protein ingredients, protein concentrations (low, moderate, high), grain-free versus grain-containing foods, foods intended for adult maintenance versus all life stages, and cost. SAMPLES: Eighty-two commercial nonprescription cat foods. METHODS: Descriptive study. Mineral concentrations were measured using inductively coupled argon plasma-optical emission spectroscopy. Crude protein was measured using the Dumas nitrogen combustion method. Mineral and crude protein concentrations were compared among food categories. RESULTS: Twenty-seven foods contained ≥3.6 g P/1000 kcal metabolizable energy (ME), of which 7 exceeded 4.8 g/1000 kcal ME. Thirteen foods had low Ca:P ratio (≤1.0). The low-protein diet group had no products ≥3.6 g P/1000 kcal ME, which was significantly different compared to the high-protein diet group (52% of products had ≥3.6 g P/1000 kcal ME; P = .01). No significant differences in P content and Ca:P ratio were found among other diet categories. Canned foods had significantly lower Mg compared to dry (P < .001) and raw (P = .007) foods. Declared minimum P and Ca were significantly lower than analyzed concentrations (P = .0005 and P = .003, respectively). CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL IMPORTANCE: The high number of foods with high P and low Ca suggest that pet food regulatory reform should be considered. |
DOI | 10.1111/jvim.15689 |
Alternate Journal | J Vet Intern Med |
PubMed ID | 31883277 |
PubMed Central ID | PMC6979088 |
Grant List | / / Winn Feline Foundation / |